The prevalent way aphids accomplish colony defense against natural enemies is a mutualistic relationship with ants or the occurrence of a specialised soldier caste typical for eusocial aphids. or even both. Despite a group-living life style of those aphid species lacking these defense lines. communal defense against natural predators has not yet been observed there. https://www.shopwildwestes.shop/product-category/scarves-wild-rags/
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